What intervention is critical for a nurse to implement for a client at risk for aspiration due to weakened muscle control?

For a client at risk for aspiration due to weakened muscle control, the most critical intervention is assisting with oral-nasal suction as needed. This action is essential because it helps to clear the airway of any secretions or food particles that the client may have difficulty swallowing. Aspiration can occur when food or liquid enters the airway instead of the esophagus, leading to serious complications such as choking or pneumonia. By ensuring that the airway is clear, the nurse can help prevent these risks and maintain the client's safety.

Other options, while important in their own rights, do not address the immediate risk of aspiration as directly as suctioning does. Initiating a clear liquid diet might be inappropriate without assessing the client's swallowing ability first. Providing oral care every hour is beneficial for maintaining oral hygiene but does not directly prevent aspiration. Encouraging self-feeding may empower the client, but if their muscle control is weak, it can similarly increase the risk of aspiration if they are unable to manage swallowing effectively without assistance. Thus, the role of oral-nasal suctioning becomes a crucial preventive measure in this context.